Before beginning statin treatment, baseline measurements of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine kinase should be obtained. Atorvastatin can be taken either in the morning or evening because of its long half-life. The treatment regime should begin at the lowest dose given once daily at bedtime. They are also known to have minimal side effects and do not affect growth. Statins are effective at lowering cholesterol levels by 20%–50% below the baseline. Statins inhibit the rate-limiting enzyme β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and induce endogenous synthesis of cholesterol. Ī statin is recommended as the initial medication of choice for children with elevated LDL-C or non-HDL-C levels. TG levels are very responsive to weight loss, diet composition, and exercise. With the CHILD-2-TG, an increase in fish intake is critical in improving the levels of omega-3 fatty acids. The CHILD-1 urges specific protocols: drink fat-free unflavored milk primarily, limit/avoid sugar-sweetened beverages, encourage water consumption, limited total fat content (25%–30% of the daily kcal/estimated energy requirements per day for age/gender), limit saturated fat 8%–10% of the daily kcal/EER, avoid transfat as much as possible, and recommend monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat up to 20% of the daily kcal/EER, and limit cholesterol intake to 12 years). The detailed contents of each diet are listed in Table 4. Keywords: Practice guidelines, Dyslipidemia, Child, Adolescent, Korea Potential drug therapies for dyslipidemia along with their main effects and doses were also included. These guidelines contain the definition of and screening process for dyslipidemia and introduce new dietary methods: the Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet (CHILD)-1, the CHILD-2-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the CHILD-2-triglyceride. These guidelines are based on the 2011 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Guidelines, which focus on the prevention of cardiovascular disease in children and draw from a comprehensive review of evidence. In the absence of sufficient evidence, conclusions were based on expert opinion. These guidelines were formulated with the Grading of Recommendations, which include both the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence. The Committee on Dyslipidemia of Korean Pediatric and Adolescents of the Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology has newly developed evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for dyslipidemia in Korean children and adolescents.
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